Showing posts with label Geeking Out with.... Show all posts
Showing posts with label Geeking Out with.... Show all posts

Sunday, July 12, 2015

Geeking Out with..."Open Tables" (An interview with film writer/director/producer Jack C. Newell with thoughts from Colleen Doyle, Beth Lacke, and David Pasquesi)

by Pam Victor

[“Geeking Out with…” is a series of super improv-geeky interviews 
with well-known, highly experienced improvisers. 

If you like good food, romance set in Paris and Chicago, and improvisation, Open Tables will make all your juicy parts say, “Mmmmm.” Written, directed, and produced by Jack C. Newell, with whom I previously geeked out about Close Quarters, the first improv-chocked film he directed, Open Tables explores the idea that “every table has a story.” In this case, the story-rich table is surrounded by a pu pu platter of delicious improvisers and stage/screen actors - TJ Jagodowski, Colleen Doyle, Kate Duffy, Keith Kupferer, Caroline Neff, Desmin Borges, and Jack C. Newell himself – who play three couples sitting down together to a centerpiece meal from which radiates a banquet of stories about love lost and found, and lost and found again. This films also features Joel Murray (who manages to eat throughout the movie even though all his scenes take place in a doctor’s office), Linda Orr (who is a familiar face from the stages of Annoyance and iO theaters in Chicago,) Gwendolyn Gourvenec and William Prünck (who are both French actors and thus very, very sexy,) Beth Lacke (who has the good/bad luck to fall in love with an amnesiac,) and David Pasquesi (who plays the aforementioned amnesiac lover.)  Plus, improvisers will enjoy cameos by beloved Chicago gurus Susan Messing and Bill Arnett.

A picturesque, romantic movie, Open Tables makes eye-love to viewers with its appetizing meals and settings. This movie left me both sated and hungry for good food, travel, and love. It’s no coincidence that Jack Newell first discovered the kernel of the story while he was falling in love with his now-wife during their trip to Paris. (Let that be a lesson to you: Choose wisely with whom you travel to Paris.) Open Tables riffs on the idea that we also would do well to choose wisely with whom we share a meal. As Jack Newell writes, “Once you've eaten a meal with someone you can’t call that someone a stranger. The act of eating is, by definition, an ephemeral experience, but the memory of a great meal stays with us forever.”

Love. Great meals shared together. Chicago. Paris. Improvisation. Open Tables satisfies all our tastes. (Or at least mine. As they say in France, “À chacun son goût.”)

I had the good fortune of sitting down with Jack Newell for this cinematic Geeking Out with… Additional commentary by some of the stars of the movie can be found in the Special Features track.

No. Wait. Blogs don’t have different tracks. Ummm…. Ok …Let’s pretend little text boxes are Special Features. (Wheee! I’m in a movie! I’m gonna IMDB this shit.)



PAM: Of course, I'm most curious about how you utilized improvisation in the making of this film. I get the impression that you used it in a more structured way than in your previous film.

JACK C. NEWELL: That is correct. If Close Quarters was 90% improvised, which I think is safe to say it is, I would say Open Tables is 50% improvised. Though this conversation gets tricky when you use the word “improvised.” In the shooting draft, I had sections that are 100% scripted, 50% scripted, and 0% scripted. So different parts of the film are dealt with differently, and it's hard to say one way of how I approached it.

PAM: What was the process of making this movie?

JACK: I wrote the script for this one. (I did not write Close Quarters.) It started as an idea while my girlfriend (at the time - wife now) and I were in Paris. When we got home from our vacation there, I wrote the script in two weeks. And then rewrote it over the next nine months.


PAM: How did making this movie differ from the process of making Close Quarters?

COLLEEN DOYLE ("Dana"): Open Tables was a very different experience than Close Quarters. Jack gave us a lot more structure in Open Tables; the story was laid out and there were beats we knew we'd hit. The film was fleshed out from the beginning, but the dialogue was still improvised and there was room for discovery there. Jack loves improv and it's always so fun to have someone who’s excited about what you're bringing to the table and willing and eager to let it help shape the piece. I also got to work with different and wonderful people over the course of several weeks while not eating in Chicago's best restaurants.


PAM: In this film, you use well-known and highly respected improvisers, such as TJ Jagodowski, David Pasquesi, Colleen Doyle, Kate Duffy, and Linda Orr, but many of your actors seemed to come from the stage. They aren't at all regular improvisers, if at all. And of course the main character is played by you, a "normal" as Susan Messing calls non-improvisers.

JACK: As well as Caroline Neff, and the French couple - Gwendolyn Gourvenec and William Prünck - all "normal" people.


PAM: Yup. They're "real" actors, right? Not improvisers. That leads me to believe you were looking for something different from the actors in this movie. Perhaps something different than the typical improviser's approach?

JACK: I would say like "on the ground" that I was less concerned with the labels. Not to discount your point.

PAM: Go ahead. Discount my point. The night is young.

JACK: Hahaha! My interest in improv is the fear in the eyes of the unknown, which is almost impossible to replicate.

PAM: And very difficult to capture on film.

JACK: I think one thing that sets my films apart is a level of performance that is very "real" or "believable." Improvisation, if used right, can do this very well; actually, better than anything else outside of real life. My tolerance for unbelievable or fake moments is incredibly low. I can't stand it. It turns me off immediately. That's not to say it has to be REAL as in POSSIBLE, but REAL as in BELIEVABLE.

Case in point, Pasquesi: Ridiculous story line. Totally believable.

PAM: Dave Pasquesi plays a man named Dean who has a sort of amnesia. And Hannah (played beautifully by Beth Lacke) falls in love with him.

JACK: If you breakdown Hannah and Dean's story, it's ridiculous. But in the end is believable and reveals something true about human nature.

PAM: Hannah is an interesting character.

JACK: Yeah! I love Hannah.

PAM:  Me too. And Beth Lacke is pretty wonderful too.


PAM: What is about Dave Pasquesi's character, or at least his situation, that makes your character fall in love with him?

BETH LACKE ("Hannah"): I believe that with him she's given an opportunity every day to open up more and more at a pace that feels safer than her past relationships. It would take a man who wakes up every morning, looking at her as if she did nothing wrong the day before, to generate the (in this case, false) feeling of unconditional love that would make her feel safe enough to feel worthy of love. Which, for me, was the underlying reason she was burning through men faster than a California wildfire before he entered her life.




PAM: Why do you think Beth's character falls in love with your character?

DAVID PASQUESI ("Dean"): I am fucking irresistible. Did you not see the movie?!



PAM: What's it like to share a bed with David Pasquesi?

BETH LACKE: I can say that for the brief time we shared a bed, it was just as delightful a time as one would assume if you'd spent any time outside of one with him.

PAM: Very diplomatic.


PAM: Can you tell me about-
David Pasquesi and Beth Lacke
in "Open Tables" 

JACK: Can I ask a question first?

PAM: Of course.

JACK: Is Hannah's storyline scripted or improvised?

PAM: Hmmm … I think it's scripted. It is set apart from the other stories, and I think you were trying to make a point about a certain type of relationship. A commentary on how women approach romance. The general story is scripted. Her exact words seem to be improvised.

JACK: Good, good.

PAM:  You are about to tell me I'm wrong, I assume.

JACK: No, you're very close. The only alteration is that it's 100% scripted. There are some ad libs, but nothing improvised. She's a great actor.

PAM: Ah! She really is a great actor.

JACK: As is Dave.

PAM: Yeah, he’s okay.

JACK: Hannah's character and situation are something I observe in my friends and people I know, who bounce from relationship to relationship. And you see them for coffee or a dinner or something, and they're telling the same story over and over and over, but the characters change.

PAM: But there seems to be something specific to that story. It's more than just “we broken real humans re-living the same tired storylines in our real broken human lives.” Number one, the situation with Dave's character changes the pattern, in a way. Number two, I think the story is about this woman approaching men in a stereotypically male way.

JACK: That's interesting. I hadn't thought about that. That's the first time anyone's said that to me. It's a good point, and I don't want to discount that. I think your analysis of Hannah is great and valid.

PAM: Aha! We're 1 to 1. A discount tie.


PAM: How do you view the character you play?

BETH LACKE: I see Hannah as completely lost, but like most ‘self-actualized’ women, who live by the idea, “I've come up with a set of rules to live by that define who I am and nothing will shake me from my rock solid sense of myself and what I want out of life," she has set herself up for quite a shaking up when life sets up the supreme practical joke of falling in love.

PAM: Without giving away the end, how did you view and play her differently at the end of the movie than at the beginning?

BETH: In the beginning I wanted her bravado and ultimately her boredom to be a force field around her that kept every one out and kept her seemingly safe and sound only to have her at the end to be gobbly-gooked, wobbly, post-apocalyptic love raw mess.

Ah, vulnerability. Ah, love….

PAM: Do you think her story represents a commentary on dating in this day and age?

BETH: Sure. Vulnerability is incredibly scary and unfortunately is one of the only roads to true intimacy and deep love. (At least, that's what I hear ...) In this day and age when everyone has an opinion, which they're sharing on social media 24/7, I feel it's become even scarier to be fully who you are front and center, without fear of criticism or less than favorable commentary. I think that leaks into our personal relationships so we're putting up the same false fronts in dating that we do on our Facebook walls hoping to keep us safe, but really in just keeps us lonely.

Ah vulnerability. Ah, love …”


JACK: Here's how I see it, all of the storylines are in service of Ryan [played by Jack Newell] and Cassie [played by Caroline Neff]. So Hannah & Dean, Jon and Dana, and the Paris story - all are different points of view on love and relationships, etc., and they are all to push forward, or put obstacles in front of, Ryan and Cassie getting together. OR NOT getting together.
Caroline Neff as
"Cassie" in "Open Tables
"

PAM: No spoilers here.

JACK: The stories exist independently, but they also all talk to each other on a thematic level.

PAM: Like a Harold.

JACK: CORRECT!

PAM: I win a point! 2 to 1.

JACK: But not intentionally. I wasn't trying to make a Harold, which is just a story structure. You could say all of these things connect like a Harold does,
or at least any other good story.

PAM: I do see Open Tables as an improv structure - but like that kid in the Sixth Sense who sees dead people, I see improv. But seems like the "source scene" is the dinner table. And all the stories branch off from that table. Ebbing and flowing from that scene.

JACK: That's intentional. It's either a Dinner Table or a Living Room.

PAM:  A Living Room structure! Exactly!

JACK: Right. The first, like, 10/16ths of the film is a Living Room, and the final 6/16ths is a La Ronde.

PAM: La Ronde ....woah. Mind blown. Hold on. I have to process that Is it really? Wow. Ok. I popped an improv lady boner.

Back to the process for one sec, aside from the Dean-Hannah (Pasquesi-Lacke) story, did you give them a general outline scene-by-scene of moments they had to hit, while leaving the actual verbiage up to them?

JACK: The Dean-Hannah story is fully scripted except for an ad lib or two. The dinner party is all improvised. Paris is all improvised. The Dana-Jon (Colleen-Desmin, TJ-Linda Orr) storyline is all improvised except the ending. That's the simple breakdown.

PAM: TJ did scripted work?

JACK: That was interesting. So I had read all the “TJ doesn't do scripted work” stuff. And when we met to improvise, he was like, "Is it cool if we don't rehearse any scenes at all?"

And I was like, "Yeah!" I just gave him the pages for the final scenes and didn't even talk to him about it.

And when we shot, he did all of the lines as written.

It's part of the environment I try to create on set. And he had the pages, he knew what I was going for. I don’t know if he even read them. And I wasn't a dick about every comma and period. The other actors in the scene did what was scripted, and he did too - but perhaps without ever reading anything at all.

PAM:  Wait. Are you suggesting he intuited the script? Just by listening carefully and reacting honestly?

JACK: I have no idea what he did. Here's my guess: He read the script, understood it, and then improvised it. Or not. I honestly don't know.

The "Foursome:" Desmin Borgest, Colleen Doyle,
TJ Jagodowki, Linda Orr
Open Tables by Jack C. Newell
So one day on set, we're shooting the scene at Trencherman [Chicago restaurant], when "the look" happens between Desmin and Colleen. In the script, all that it says is something like, "They talk, and have an amazing time, and then this look happens during The Look Away Game."

On set, they improvised everything up until The Look Away game, which I taught them on set. The Look Away Game and the outcome is "scripted." Everything before that was "scripted" in that it was - "Have the best time ever." So anyway, I'm on set feeling pretty proud of myself, like I'm this genius improv filmmaker who is creating a whole new form. Like no one has done this shit. Ever.

And TJ comes up, and we're chatting and I ask him, “Do you have any questions or anything?”

And he says, "No, I get it - very simple: First Line, Last Line, right?"

PAM: LOL.

JACK: First Line, Last Line - you're familiar with?

PAM:  Yes, Jack. I am.

JACK: You don't call it something different on the East Coast?

PAM: Not to discount your question, but I get another point for knowing the game. The score is 3-1.

Yes, we call it First Line, Last Line here. It’s the rare improv game name that sticks universally.

JACK: WHOA! Well, I had to look it up. So, you have 4-1 points now?

PAM: I think I have three. You have one.

JACK: So, the outcome of the scene or more like the emotion of the scene is the "last line." And they just played to that.

PAM:  Everything good about art and life can be summed up in an improv game.

Tell me more about the environment you create on set so you can get improv-quality (that is, natural language) out of a scripted piece.

JACK: And the opposite of that question, How to get improv not to feel meandering and listless but on point and ‘scripted'?’”

PAM: Burn. Ok. Two points to you, three to me.

JACK: I think filmmakers probably get too caught up in the words, which is odd. And I think comedies nowadays are a.) not very funny and b.) too wordy all about witticism. But what matters is subtext … so, directing from the underneath.

And if there's a line you really love, you do it all the same way, but just make sure they say that line.

PAM: That's the thing about this film: It's about the relationship. And that's the thing about good improv: It's about the relationship.

JACK: Totally.

PAM:  As the brilliant Mark Sutton says, "I guarantee you that nobody in an improv audience anywhere has ever turned to the person sitting next to them and said, ‘Man, I sure hope they fix that bike.’"

JACK: Exactly. The fool looks at the finger sort of thing, right? Like someone is pointing at something? Wait. Maybe that doesn't work …

PAM:  I can't answer. Too busy looking at my finger.

JACK: MY FINGEERRRRR!

PAM: My nails are a mess.

JACK: Everyone has zero points now.

PAM: I like this game. All or nothing. It just got interesting.

JACK: High stakes, Mr. Bond.

So, to go back to an earlier idea, I think I am landing on the side of improv as a tool for creation and maybe not an end to itself. At least in film.

PAM: WHAT???!!!! A million points for me. Black hole points for you.

JACK: Why?

PAM: Are you familiar with the age-old argument between Bernie Sahlins (founder of Second City) and Del Close (co-founder of iO Theater)?

JACK: Hit me with it.

PAM: Mr. Sahlins believed that improvisation is merely a tool for creation, as you said. That's why - or so I'm told - the improv set at Second City is free. He believed that improv is not worth the price of admission

JACK: Yikes. *neck collar pull*

PAM: Del believed otherwise and spent his life proving it. They even argued about it at Del's deathbed, or so the story goes. I would suppose Del met Bernie in the afterlife to continue the debate.

Anyhoo ... that's the pile of dog doo you just stepped in.

JACK: Well, I don't really think the argument or both sides is mutually exclusive. Why can't improv be it's own art form over here, and then also this other thing - improv be a tool for creation?

PAM: Of course it can.

JACK: I would also throw in there, as a filmmaker, we are like mixed media artists, and we borrow from photography, music, dance, acting, improv … and so my view point is weird when put next to someone who is just an improviser.

PAM: You said, "Improv is a tool for creation and maybe not an ends to itself,
at least in film."

JACK: Or the other way to say that is "Of course I think it's a tool.” In film, everything is a tool to tell story, to evoke emotion, to reveal truth, etc.

PAM:  Yes, yes, of course. I see your point. It’s the same with improv. Supposedly, Del said to go out and live life, then bring it to the stage.

JACK: I love that.

PAM: Yup. It's a good one. I can see the challenge in an exclusively improvised movie though.

JACK: Yeah.

PAM: I just take issue with your point that improv is not an end to itself. I don't think it can be limited in that way. But what do I know? I'm, as you say, “just an improviser.”

Score: 1-1.

JACK: I don't know. It's interesting, I think you'd talk to some improvisers, and I could explain the film process and they would respond either a.) Your work is not improv at all, too much "scripting,"or b.) It's totally improv because improv has games, and bits, and "rules", and etc, etc, etc.

The Harold is scripted in my viewpoint, and any good player knows the script. Just like someone's ability to recognize a game; once you know "the game," it's what I would call scripted. And then you have a chance to either subvert or play out the expectations.

PAM: Let's have this conversation again after you read our book [Improvisation at the Speed of Life.] As TJ and Dave view it, improv is about human nature, and not at all about game.

JACK: People get real bent out of shape about "game." Jeez.

PAM: You have no idea.

JACK: I have some idea!

PAM: Ok. You can have a pity point. 2-1.

Cinematically, I see influences of Woody Allen in this movie as far as the visual rhythm of some scenes. Especially in the scenes between TJ and Colleen in their kitchen.

JACK: Sure.

PAM:  Is that intentional or unconsciously intentional?  It's very pretty.

JACK: I would say that Woody Allen is a big influence for me.

PAM: I love Woody Allen. As a filmmaker.

JACK: (Am I allowed to still like Woody Allen?)

PAM: (I'm pretty sure we're allowed to like Woody Allen, but we're not allowed to like Bill Cosby.)

PAM: That scene in TJ and Colleen’s kitchen made me think of Annie Hall.

JACK: Sure. I'm more of a Hannah and Her Sisters fan, so I'm thinking more about that.

PAM:  I haven't seen that one in years. I'll take another look.

JACK: There's actually a bunch of direct references to Hannah and her Sisters in this film.

PAM: Seeing them through the doorway/window, as they're talking. But then when they argue, they're in the same frame. To me, it feels like how relationships can be.

JACK: Yeah, totally. That kitchen, I loved.

PAM:  You see your lover in isolation, your projection of him/her. Then when it gets real ... it’s all right there, so real and in your face.

JACK: And I loved how Stephanie [Dufford, Director of Photography] shot it. That is all improvised. And TJ is so fucking good in it. I love that he gets to be the asshole here.


PAM: Please tell me there was a take in the scene when you're fighting with TJ that you smacked the shit out of him.

COLLEEN DOYLE: No smacking TJ. It's in his contract. Also, no direct eye contact.


JACK: How many millions of negative points do I currently have?

PAM: I think we're tied again. Two bananas each.

Ok … Paris. We have to talk about Paris. First of all, I would give my left ball to be in a movie in Paris. That's not a question. Just putting it out there.

JACK: I understand. Left ball. GOT IT, PAM - LEFT BALL.

You don’t want to hear about my homage to Hannah and Her Sisters?

PAM: Of course I do. But Paris awaits and time is short. Also, I HAVE BALLS.

JACK: I'll save it for next time. Hit me with your questions.

PAM: Can I be in your next movie in Paris?

JACK: Haha!

PAM: The score is tied. The game hinges on your response.
 
Jack C. Newell as Ryan
Open Tables
JACK: If I do another one in Paris, we'll talk.

PAM:  I speak French.

JACK: I do not.

PAM: And I lost my virginity to a Frenchman in France.

Boom. Five points for me.

JACK: Whoa! Okay.

PAM: So, given all that, plus my love of wine and chocolate, I'm basically French.

JACK: I came up with the idea for this movie in Paris and wrote a thing in Paris. And I was like, "We gotta try to shoot in Paris. It's one of the most rewarding film experiences I've had.

PAM: How can you not be thinking about love in Paris?

JACK: RIGHT?

PAM: And you actually were in love in Paris?! That's the best.

JACK: I was! That's when we FELL IN LOVE.

Filming "Open Tables" in Paris
PAM: OMG. THE BEST.

JACK: Yeah, I mean, we were definitely in love. But going there over New Year’s Eve … it was like LOOOOOVVVEEEEE. LOVE. All the feels.

PAM: So many feels in Paris.

Anyway, tell me about how you were falling in love in Paris and how these particular ideas about relationship were formed. Because Open Tables is not really a rom-com here. These aren't the same tired old ideas about boy-girl romance we've seen a thousand times. (And I love rom-coms.)

JACK: The simple idea is playing on what you are talking about. But it is much sadder: What if you were the loneliest you've ever been in the capital of love? And so, that's ultimately his story.

PAM: “His” being the character you play, Ryan, who is set up with Cassie. When he later tells his Paris story at the main table, she’s really turned off.

JACK: Cassie's character is motivated by the truth and a desire for it, and she can tell when people are full of shit. And that's what she responded to. (Like Mark Sutton’s bicycle thing you mentioned before.) One of the points of the film is that if you are truthful and open and vulnerable, you can or could find love.

PAM: Maybe to apply it to the theme of relationship, lies are the deal breaker for her. And as long as he's telling the truth, she doesn't care what it is. Maybe it's about how we set these litmus tests for our love interests, which maybe valid or super duper random?

JACK: Right on.

I actually feel like I am most like Cassie in the movie. That is me, if you were gonna ask, "Who are you most like?" I identify with Cassie.

PAM: I am most like Beth Lacke's character. Tough on the outside. Big ol' open hearted marshmallow on the inside.

JACK: Nice. AND CRAZY. (Just kidding.)

PAM: Everyone is crazy, Jack. Everyone.

JACK: Double true.

PAM: The score is 6 to 2, if you were wondering.

JACK: Shit. Unless I am the six? In that case: In your face!

PAM: No, I am six.

JACK: Oh. Okay ... COOL.

PAM: I don't know how to announce points properly. I am sports-challenged. So that’s one more point for you. Now we're 6-3.

JACK: “Pam 6, Jack 3” would be one idea.

PAM: Ok. That's one possible way, Jack. The obvious choice …

JACK: Jack "Obvious Choice" Newell.

PAM: That's what she said.

JACK: "Really, you're going to put it there? Such an obvious choice."

PAM: Speaking of which, one topic that comes up in this movie is the question, "Are women 'better than' men?"

JACK: Sure. They do actually talk about that in the movie.

PAM: I knew I heard that somewhere!

JACK: And I think all of the characters come down pretty strongly on the side of, "Yes, women are better than men."

PAM:  In bed.

JACK: BOOOOOOM.

PAM: (I was playing Fortune Cookie, which is an improv game I just made up.)

JACK: (We call it First Line, Last Line here.)

PAM: (Hahahaha!)

JACK: So, you definitely lost points there, right?

PAM: Ok, ok. I lost points with "That's what she said" too, of course.

Nice. You're winning. Jack: 6, Pam: 2.

JACK: Yeah, you're kind of bro-ing out over there.

So, are you asking me if women are better than men?

PAM: I suppose I am, at least in the context of the movie and relationships.

JACK: I'll answer it like this: My Director of Photography and Editor are both women. We had a large female crew and we have strong, good, interesting, female roles in the film. It's ensemble film, but the women stand out. I find women more interesting to work with. I find women interesting to explore.

PAM: (I get points for not saying "in bed.")

JACK: But I didn't directly answer your question. You took it slightly more specific. I don't know how to answer this. I feel like anything I say as a man is in danger of being misconstrued and potentially dumb.

PAM: WHY DO YOU THINK I ASKED THE QUESTION???

JACK: Ha! Fair.

PAM: I think the movie asks the question and comes close to answering it: Women and men can both be the most exquisite creatures … and total asshats.

JACK: I would agree with that statement. Thank you for jumping in there.

I want to say one thing about collaboration - and this is where I might sound like an idiot -  but one of the things I like about collaborating with women is that I feel like their priorities are different than men (speaking generally) and one of those priorities or attributes is emotional intelligence and an ability to communicate their emotions. And that is much more interesting than some men. It's just a hard statement because there are people on either side that break that.

PAM: Sure. I think the sticky part comes when you apply it strictly to women and men. But I think if you think of it as feminine vs. masculine sensibilities, it works better.

JACK: There ya' go. And to go back to the movie, the thing you said: "I think the movie asks the questions and comes close to answering it. Women and men can both be the most exquisite creatures. And total asshats." That is right on.

PAM: Oh, please quote me more! I love that. Pam: 10, Jack: 6

JACK: Actually, the "Are women better than men?" conversation is a distraction. In the movie, the characters say women are better than men, right after seeing Hannah be a douchebag.

PAM: Exactly. And that foursome of TJ, Linda, Colleen, and Desmin – they’re involved in that “love square.” (It’s more than a triangle because it’s four people.) They're ALL fucked up.

JACK: Well, yeah. Classic tragic figures.

PAM:  They've got that whole "grass is always greener" thing going on.

JACK: They are people you know. You might have been that person. I might have been ... we ALL have been or are those people.


PAM: In thinking about your character's storyline - sort of in that classic "torn between two lovers, feelin' like a fool" situation - it feels like a statement on romance. What angle on romance do you think your character's storyline explored? Do you relate to that in anyway?

COLLEEN DOYLE: I think my character's storyline revolved around that time (or times?) in your life when you think you know what you want. You're technically an adult: you have a job, people expect things of you, etc. And then you ape the types of relationships in which you've seen other adults engage. You're not a fully formed person yet, but you believe you're ready to play house. And that's easy to relate to; it's how I spent a good deal of my 20's -- dramatic and immature.


PAM: Another question raised in Open Tables is: What is the crux of attraction? I mean, for Hannah – whose amnesiac lover allows her to re-invent herself each day - it's to have this blank slate upon which to project her desires. Maybe for the foursome, the crux of attraction is what you can't have. For your guy in Paris, it was human contact. For Cassie, it's about truth …

JACK: We have these appetites (food tie in!) that need to be satiated. And they are actually probably a distraction from love - or can be. One thing for sure, they aren't love. Sometimes we think they might be.

PAM:  Most of these couples don't find love.

JACK: Open Tables is essentially a movie about why and how relationships don't work. So when you go into that final scene with Cassie and Ryan, the couple who you are rooting for to get together through the whole film, you are presented with the question: Is this their first date or last date?

And that's up to you. There's no answer.

PAM: I think the final score is a tie.
 *


The Main Meal
Open Tables by Jack C. Newell
The premier of Open Tables is on July 26, 2015 at the Wood’s Hole Film Festival
For more about Open Tables, check out the website and the Facebook page. 
If all goes well, you will be able to see Open Tables soon. 
In the meantime, you can now see Jack C. Newell’s first feature film,
And in another visual arts medium, Jack currently is 



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If you like groovy stuff, you might enjoy
The Zen of Improv series, 
which contemplates improvisation and 
mind-expanding ideas like non-judgment, joy, and curiosity. 

*




Pam Victor is an improv comedian, author, teacher, consultant, and nice person. She is the founder and Head of Happiness of Happier Valley Comedy, the epicenter of improv in Western Mass, where Pam teaches The Zen of Improv to the best students in the world as well as bringing the power of improvisation to the workplace in her "Through Laughter" program.  TJ Jagodowski,  David Pasquesi, and Pam are the co-authors of "Improvisation at the Speed of Life: The TJ and Dave Book."   She lives online at www.pamvictor.com.

Unless you're a meanie, Pam would probably like you.


Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Geeking Out with...The Harold (What Makes a Harold a Harold?)

By Pam Victor

[“Geeking Out with…” is a series of interviews with well-known, highly experienced improvisers. It’s a chance to talk about stuff that might interest hardcore, improv dorkwads like Pam. The series can be found in full frontal geek out version on My Nephew is a PoodleFor behind-the-scenes action, ‘like’ the “Geeking Out with…” Facebook page.]

I think Harold might have Harolded me right across the face on Friday night.

To be honest, I'm used to being jostled by Harold, and I haven’t yet come to a comfortable place with this foundational form. Perhaps the thorniness of my unfulfilling relationship with Harold stems from the stringency of the ABC - ABC - ABC structure, which I’m hopeless at keeping track of and don’t really want to anyway because it distracts me from the scenes occurring. I've been wondering lately if all of that alphabet juggling is necessary to do a Harold. Because it’s the higher level to Harold, the connection between the players, which resonates more with me. But does groupmind alone suffice to make a Harold? In the spirit of Curiosity, I’ve been posing a lot of questions to my teachers and friends, like: “What are the absolute minimum requirements a show needs to be considered a Harold? If you stripped Harold down to his bare bones, what must every Harold skeleton have? In short, what makes a Harold a Harold?”

I asked these questions of bunch of pretty remarkable people, and I’ll share all their super smart thoughts with you in a moment. But while I idly pondered Harold, his naked bones and all that, real life came along and swept me up in its ripe-tide. I got busy and stressed out and I forgot about Harold (which probably is the best headspace to be in to be schooled by him). On Friday night, I gobbled down a taco salad, and then I hurried out into the dark winter evening to teach a class.

It was the first class of Zen of Improv 2. Still relative newbies with a scant six improv classes warming their plump little bellies, my students performed a series of scenes focused on staying true to the first thirty seconds of the scene. I love my students with all my heart and soul, and even as they wobbled unsteadily on their newborn foal legs, they made me feel all the feels during their scenes. 

Later, while de-briefing, one student mentioned that a lot of the scenes seemed to revolve around the same subject matter. “Theme,” I couldn’t help but to whisper (because I’m a dork and I love improv verbiage maybe a little too much). Almost none of these smart and talented folks know about theme yet. Just as they don’t know about sweep edits or beats or any of the “rules” of improvisation. (Thankfully, in my eyes.) But as the class started to break down the scenes, we found that they had performed four different yet interconnected scenes revolving around the theme of disagreement and reconciliation. In fact, it almost seemed as though the scenes were the same two characters over various years during and after a major disagreement and reconciliation. So the first scene could have been the couple five years after the argument. The second scene time-jumped back to the big blow out itself. Then the fourth scene seemed to be about twenty years after the disagreement. The connection between these scenes was completely unintentional and only apparent after we looked back over our shoulders with our eyes squinted a little, and said, “Wait, you guys. Do you think those characters from the third scene could have been the same characters from the first scene, but five years earlier?” Crazy shit, right? 

And that’s when I whispered, “A Harold.”

Can four unrelated but magically connected scenes constitute a Harold? Had I been polling the biggest improv brains I know for the answer, when all that time my students, still blinking into the sunlight of new life, just showed me what makes a Harold a Harold? 
Quite literally THE book on
The Harold

Charna Halpern, who quite literally wrote the book on The Harold, answered it this way, “Listening, remembering, recycling, and connecting...those are the skills needed” for a Harold.

[By the way, since I have pulled together so many voices for this piece, all quotes by other people are in that pretty pink-purply color, in case there was any doubt that it wasn't me who says all that super smart stuff.]

The questions still tumble out: Is an opening absolutely required for a show to be a Harold? Or maybe it can’t be a Harold without at least a first beat of three scenes and maybe a second beat too? Is some sort of group game to call a show a Harold? Is a Harold beholden to the structure itself, or is it something beyond structure? Is a Harold a spirit bestowed upon a group who give themselves over to the patterns that play out between them? 

What makes a Harold a Harold?

Mr. Del Close
Harold’s father – and a father of us all -  Del Close said in this video Brian Stack made in 1986 that Harold was created because “I wanted to really show that we could create art by committee” in an effort to display that the art we discover together is more beautiful than that which we create alone. On the requirements to perform a Harold, he said, "Basically, all you need is some traffic patterns and some game rules and some kind of image of what it is that you’re going to do.” He talked about the structure of the Harold and how the scenes eventually would begin to affect and mirror each other and “rhyme with each other in some sort of mad conceptual way.” And Mr. Close continued, “What the audience laughs at, and indeed will cheer at … are these moments of discovery, moments of connection where the art by committee or the group brain really does start functioning.” He went on to encourage people, “Rather than to become the ideal Harold performer, [we should] develop our own peculiarities” and bring that to stage. So I take it from Del Close’s words in this video, what makes a Harold a Harold are agreed-upon "traffic patterns" to form a common structure, discovered connections, groupmind, and your weirdnesses mixing with other people’s weirdnesses to create something new and beautiful.

UCB's Dyna Moe made this helpful
visual of the scenic breakdown
of a typical Harold.

According to Del Close and Charna Halpern’s seminal book on improvisation, Truth in Comedy, “Harolds are composed of three basic elements: scenes (involving two to four players), games (usually involving the full company) and one-person monologues.” Those were the basic structural elements in 1994, when the book was published, and even then the Mr. Close and Ms. Halpern concluded that Harold extended beyond the stage. “Improvisers have been trained to notice the connection in everything, which may be the answer. The connections are always there; they run through our work and through our lives. When you notice the richness of connections in a Harold on stage, then you can go out and live your own Harold. You will, too, you know. You can’t help it!”

Looking at Del Close’s words alone, let’s ask again: What is a Harold at its most basic? A structure but also a spirit, it seems. And as the years have worn on, with more and more people stepping into the shoes of Harold, the structural elements have shifted. As I believe they were meant to by Del Close’s very design.

I'm going to open up the floor now to a bunch of those pretty remarkable people I promised you earlier...

Alan Baranowski (Student of and assistant to Del Close in the late-70s at The Second City, Confessions of an Improvaholic)
"The Harold, as we worked on it [in the late-70s], was a free-form, large scale improvisation that could include any and all improvisational exercises and games. It was based on a suggestion from the audience in the form of a personal question, i.e. “Why do I (blank)?, Why must I (blank)?” etc. The members of the group would then re-ask the question of themselves and personalize it. We would started with a group exercise that would exchange the feelings, emotions and themes that the suggestion generated, and out of that exercise the first scene would explode and then anything was fair game. 

The beautiful thing was when elements from one scene, exercise or
Alan Baranowski, Improvaholic
game would show up and/or influence other scenes, exercises or games. It was in this series of workshop that Del made a strong effort to make us into a "synergistic" group. Synergism is the cooperative action of a discrete set of agencies whose total effect is greater than the sum of the effects taken by the agencies independently. In other words, the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. The group was synergistic, but the Harold that we worked on also was a synergistic improvisational exercise. The Harold, as we performed it, was a synergistic improvisation because the total effect of the exercises used to build Harold were given greater, deeper, more layered meaning than the effect of the individual exercises if seen independent of Harold.  


Synergy and groupmind are along the same idea, but I'm not sure if they are interchangeable. I feel synergy would apply to the whole process (i.e. the group, the exercises, games, the audience and everything that goes into the piece); whereas, groupmind would only apply to the players and how they play." 

Howard Johnson (comedy historian, author of the terrific Del Close biography The Funniest One in the Room, editor of Truth in Comedy, early ImprovOlympic improviser, student of Del Close, and many other wonderful things):
“The original Harolds, as developed by The Committee [in the 1960s in San Francisco], were
Kim "Howard" Johnson (center bottom)
with the other members of Baron's Barracuda's,
one of the first ever Chicago Harold teams.
supposed to address a profound question asked by an audience member. When Del started focusing on them again in the early 80s, they were viewed as a vessel for virtually any and all types of scenes and games--in other words, a catch-all for some pretty excellent work. That changed again when we started to codify it [in the mid-80s], using the Time Dash as the basis for the scenes and an assortment of classic games as well as those we made up on the spot. All of this is really just a longwinded way of saying all improvisation--even other types of longform--is actually part of a Harold...”


Howard’s always insightful words allow me to understand how The Deconstruction was developed (by Del Close and The Family in the '90s) as a deconstruction of the essential scenic elements of The Harold. And we can see from this deconstruction, how Harold begot other forms, like The Armando, in addition to even the major schools of improvisational philosophy. No wonder it's so hard to figure out what makes a Harold a Harold. From where we stand today in 2015,  everything we step into onstage has roots in The Harold.

If The Harold is ever-evolving, could it be that the 3x3 structural elements are not among the bones in Harold’s skeleton? Some people are would adamantly say no, the structure is an absolute requirement for a Harold to be a Harold. As
Jane Morris
Jane Morris (co-founder of Second City ETC, Fanatic Salon Theater, All Girl Revue) succinctly told me, a Harold is “Three scenes, three times, moved in time and space.” Yet other people open the Harold umbrella still wider. And in its shade, I’m sure you will notice some words never fail to pop up: Connections. Patterns. Groupmind.


Piero Procaccini (Second City, soon-to-be-author, someone every improviser in the world should study with):
“What I see as particularly characteristic of Harold (and how it's advent influenced the work that followed) is the idea of Connections. The textbook structure of: 
Opening 
Scene 1A 
Scene 2A 
Piero Procaccini

Scene 3A 
Group Game 
Scene 1B 
Scene 2B 
Scene 3B 
Group Game 
Scene 1C 
Scene 2C 
Scene 3C 
and the use of time dashes is a very effective way to establish an infrastructure that leads to connections, which is why it is so useful as a teaching tool for students. But once you are more comfortable with the territory, there are many ways to get to this idea of connectivity.”

Craig Uhlir (iO Theater, The Second City, Deep Schwa, The Boys, most playful improviser on the stage, ya' dinkle):
“Group gets suggestion. Group finds deeper meaning and explores deeper meaning through scenes. Elements of any part will and should influence the moments, moves and scenes going forward. 


Craig Uhlir
I find that connecting parts or scenes becomes as simple as just having any component or character show up in later scenes, rather by intentional or accidental collision, and most improvisors can justify quickly such combinations. Sooo it seems like the real skill of the Harold in this day and age for me is, 'Can a group of six to ten improvisors find a deeper meaning and agree on what it is BY using it and exploring it?'

I also feel the opening and games have more influence and are less a separate part or piece of the show. Everything feeds everything now.”

Kevin Mullaney (Co-founder Under the Gun Theater, Improv Resource Center, improv fount of knowledge):
“A Harold has several threads (scenes with multiple beats) that start out separate and are woven together by the end of the show. 

A Harold has at least some elements (opening, group games) that involve all the performers and not just scenes with two or three people.
Kevin Mullaney

A Harold is a collage of scenes, characters and ideas where the meaning (if there is any) comes from the juxtaposition of these elements.

A Harold is concerned with patterns, not story. If a story happens, that's fine, but one should follow the pattern of what is happening and not try to tell a story.

Oh! And Harold eats everything. In other words, you can have dance, music, acrobatics, poetry, mime, or anything else you can imagine can be a part of the form. It's not just scenes or group scenes. It should have a little performance art in it.” 

And, true enough, Del Close said in Brian Stack’s video, “I suspect that what we’re doing here is some sort of performance art, but I sure as hell wouldn’t want to say that in public. It goes over a lot better as a sport.”

So a Harold could be almost anything? Is a Harold just really well-performed improvisation? I’m a visual gal, so I still find myself digging in the sand to find where is the line drawn between “This is a Harold” and “This is not a Harold.” Perhaps the answer is merely a matter of arcane linguistics?

Rachel Klein (Co-founder Fine Line Comedy, author of the blog The House That Del Built, longtime member of the ImprovBoston community, big thinker):
Rachel Klein
“The execution rarely follows the exact Harold ‘plan’ (actually the Harolds that ‘execute’ perfectly are often the most boring/least dynamic). For me to consider a show a Harold beforehand, I'd have to know that the team is committed to the form and begins with a somewhat recognizable first beat, even if everything goes off the rails after that. But there are so many shows that don't plan to be a Harold and then you look back and go ‘That was a Harold, wasn't it?’ And that's because of how tripartite structures are woven into the fabric of our experience. We gravitate to them to make sense of information, so often a show that's supposed to be ‘free form’ ends up with three plotlines or three chunks of scenes with ‘games’ in between. It's just a natural form, like iambic pentameter. Now I'm getting into questions of prescriptivism vs. descriptivism. Calling something a Harold doesn't always make it so, and not calling it one doesn't mean it won't be.


Prescriptively, if someone said they were setting out to do a Harold, I'd want to see some sort of tripartite first beat, a group check in of some sort, a second beat that explores the themes and content of the first beat, some sort of second check in, and a satisfying conclusion that integrates the theme and content of what came before. The requirement for threes up top would only be in order to ensure there was a pattern to explore rather than just some constantly forward-moving, linear experience. The pleasure of the Harold is its folding in on itself, and an early pattern of three (the simplest pattern possible) sets you up for that experience. It might break down as early as the second beat, but if it's been set as the foundation even the "break down" will be a response to the pattern at the very least. Also I'm partial to openings, but I could imagine a first beat without one if it still achieved the goal of setting a theme and tone and generating a baseline of content that could be explored throughout the show.

Descriptively it's another matter. How do I know if I've seen a Harold, after the fact? I'd tend to be more liberal in my definition there. Was there pattern-making? Was it "about" something? Did it feel like watching disparate elements being sewn together through the course of the show by a common idea or energy or tone? When it was over did I feel satisfied, full? I'd probably call that a Harold.  In any event, I'm of the opinion that many people doing Harold today have become much too rigid about its execution — what scenes go where and what you're allowed to do in each beat and how they interact…

An artform that doesn't continue to evolve and respond to other art forms is dead, and I'd like to see the Harold live on as one of the great theatrical forms.” 

Bill Arnett (Founder Chicago Improv Studio, iO Theater, beloved teacher and brain, 3033): 
“I've waved the ‘Harold is too narrowly defined’ banner for a long time. So what is it? Difficult to say since so many branches have been sawn off, Giving Tree-style, to make other forms. What makes Harold content-wise different from a montage? The scenes converge on a single
Bill Arnett
theme or emphasis. How is it different form-wise from a montage? The best Harolds I've been in created unique patterns, inspired by the content. Historically, Harold has included non-scenic group improv (openings, games, rituals, etc...) giving it a unique style which, with so much strictly scenic improv around, is essentially exclusive to Harold. I think that's it. Content, structure and style.”


Lori Strauss (ImprovBoston teacher and performer, very thoughtful improviser):
Lori Strauss
“I think if you're intentionally performing a Harold you need an Opening, First Beat (3 scenes), Group Game, Second Beat (3 Scenes), Group Game, and Third Beat (Undefined Scene Number). If you have a show that's Harold-like, you probably want to think of it in terms of threes but not necessarily following the structure.

I tend to think of it more abstractly as a structure that lends itself to callbacks and connections (through game -- however you define it), and those things are the building blocks for comedy … I've seen MANY great sets, but I think I've only seen a 'true' Harold a few times and have been part of it maybe only once. But, I don't think there's one standard 'This is Harold' out there aside from the (uninterpreted) structure alone.”

Will Luera (Director of Improvisation at Florida Studio Theatre - Sarasota, Artistic Director Emeritus of ImprovBoston, "Freeform" innovator, physics nerd and fan of cute baby bears):
"With the ImprovBoston Harold team Spector, who performed a 'freeform Harold,' we found that the recognition and heightening of a pattern was more important than the framework of a traditional Harold. We would almost always still execute in the same format as a Harold - opening, ABC, game, ABC, game, run. But every now and then, you might see Opening, ABCDE, game, ABCD, game, ABCD. Or Opening, AB, game, AB, game, AB, or whatever other structure was inspired by the tone and flavor of the opening.


When I teach the Harold, the main three aspects I focus on are scenework, group games and patterns, which I think are all essential to a Harold.

Scenework is, of course, the foundation of any improv show whether it's long-form, short-form, free-form or whatever. I am looking for strong emotions engaging in a believable way. 

I have a liberal definition of what constitutes a group game, and I think the group games that open the Harold and break up the beats serve several important roles for me. As an opening, it not only explores the suggestion but also sets the tone and voice of that night's show. If the opening is fast and frenetic, then maybe that's what our Harold will look like. If our opening is slow and deliberate, then maybe that's what the Harold will be. The tone, voice and theme is further explored (and heightened) when the group games are revisited throughout the show. 

Also, the group game doesn't necessarily mean that all players are onstage, BUT all players are still actively participating. A standard group game might have all players onstage in a scene or mirrored activity; however, if a group game started with one person onstage and all other players were making an active decision to not participate, that is still a group game. And that group decision is informing us as to what the Harold might be about. For example, in the opening of a Spector show, an actor started on stage, acting out scared and alone...so the rest of the cast stayed offstage and didn't join, reinforcing loneliness as a theme understood by the group. It wasn't a traditional "group" game, but the group was involved.

The Pattern recognition and exploration is the most important part of Harold for me. It, ultimately, tells us the shape of the show. When I teach the Harold, I try to enforce a Lattice-like awareness of the form. I want my players to be aware of patterns that transcend across the group games, that connect the three (or more) beats of a thread of scenes, or that exist across the scenes in a single beat...I know crazy. But I do believe that this awareness of the multiple types of patterns being created will inform the cast of what the shape of the Harold wants to be. If you're paying attention to how the opening leads into the first beat and to how the scenes within the beat relate to each other, you might have a Harold that looks like a standard ABC Harold, one that looks like monoscene, or one that is truly unique for that night."

Colleen Doyle (iO Theater-LA, Dummy, astoundingly talented improviser-actress):
Colleen Doyle
"Harold, to me, is group mind in action. The opening is our shared/discovered thesis, and the rest of the show (whatever that looks like structurally) is our defense of that. Defense, in this instance, meaning both underscoring our ideas and exploring them. Echoing Charna, it's recycling ideas/using everything up/making connections."

Lyndsay Hailey (iO Theater-LA, Chance of Hailey, gorgeous woman and soul):
“Harold is its own living, breathing organism, its own entity, a theme channeled by a collective and then further mined by the individuals within that collective. I recognize Harold to be a study of the human condition, a structure that mirrors our need to come together for support (open and games) and for individual experiences (scenes) to further the truth. If we aim for presence...Harold just happens, with all the appropriate callbacks. Our inherent nature seeks to ascribe definition, pattern and meaning to the human experience, that natural instinct creates callbacks, patterns and games. Sure, there is a biblical transcription, a "formula," but I heard Del would say "piece before form," and I take that to mean let Harold do Harold. Here is the spinal column, but let him breathe." 


The last word here on The Harold must go to Charna Halpern (co-founder of iO Theater, co-author of Truth in Comedy and Art By Committee, improv high priestess):
Charna Halpern
“Oh, the form has totally changed. It’s all about listening, remembering and recycling nowadays. Just search for thesis statement or theme out of the opening, so you are saying something to the audience. Keep recognizing connections and patterns. Harold is ever-changing. There can be no plan. It’s improv.”

So were my students' four, magically connected scenes on Friday night an accidental Harold? No, not in form alone. But in spirit, I would dip my toe into the "Yes" waters. 

I suspect that Harold is not just the skeleton but also its breath, like Lyndsay says. And there is the crux of my struggle to define The Harold. You can’t hold breath in your hand or find it drawn in the sand or diagram it. Breath only exists in the moment here in now. The absolute and ultimate present. The connection between our physical and spiritual selves. Like our bodies, Harold seems to be constantly changing and evolving. And like our breath, it always stays the same and connects us all.

Like all the best elements of improvisation, The Harold is so simple, it will take me the rest of my life to understand what makes a Harold a Harold. And for that, I am most grateful.

Thanks, Del.

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Catch up on past improv geek-a-thons:
Geeking Out with...Jazz Freddy
...Tara DeFranscico
...Charna Halpern, co-founder of iO Theatre

and many more!

Read Geeking Out with...Charna Halpern (Part Two)
in which she said,
"I’m the type of person who wants to help everyone. Most people don’t know me well enough and some fear me. I also have a great sense of humor and sometimes the kids don’t expect that. So they don’t know I might be doing a bit, and they take something I said seriously. I like to goof around. That would surprise people."

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If you like groovy stuff, you might enjoy
The Zen of Improv series, 
which contemplates improvisation and 
mind-expanding ideas like non-judgment, joy, and curiosity. 
*

And "like" the "Geeking Out with..." FACEBOOK PAGE please.


Pam Victor is the founding member of The Ha-Ha’s, and she produces The Happier Valley Comedy Show in Western Massachusetts. Pam performs a "Geeking Out with: The TALK SHOW," a live version of this series, at comedy festivals throughout the land. Pam writes mostly humorous, mostly true essays and reviews of books, movies, and tea on her blog, "My Nephew is a Poodle." Pam is the co-author of "Improvisation at the Speed of Life: The TJ & Dave Book" with TJ Jagodowski and David Pasquesi, which is due out Spring, 2015. You can get all her nonsense at www.pamvictor.com.